Elon Musk has predicted that AI may outperform humans in every field by 2028. Musk made the comment while responding to computer scientist Francois Chollet, who recently reposted a prediction he made in May 2021. Chollet had said that almost every scientific field could effectively become a branch of computer science within 10 to 20 years. His prediction covered areas such as physics, chemistry, biology, medicine and archaeology.
Musk described Chollet’s original timeline as “conservative.” He said AI could “beat all fields by the end of next year or maybe 2028, at the latest.”
The prediction comes as the AI industry is debating how quickly increasingly capable systems should be developed. Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei recently argued that AI companies should leave more time between major advances. He said this would give researchers enough time to test new systems and improve safety and security measures before the next generation is released.
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Your prediction was conservative. AI will beat all fields by the end of next year or maybe 2028, at the latest.
— Elon Musk (@elonmusk) September 22, 2026
Amodei has not called for an end to AI development. Instead, he has proposed slowing the pace enough to allow advanced AI systems to be properly evaluated.
In an essay published in September, Amodei outlined a three-step approach. The first step involves giving independent third-party evaluators broad access to advanced AI models. Anthropic said it would adopt this approach itself. The next steps would require cooperation between AI companies, governments and other countries.
Amodei also raised concerns about autonomous AI agents. His comments came after a recent incident involving AI agents and the open-source platform Hugging Face.
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Musk had earlier supported Amodei’s concerns about the pace of AI development. Responding to Amodei’s essay, Musk posted publicly, “Dario is right.”
Musk’s latest prediction puts a much shorter timeline on AI surpassing human capabilities across scientific and other fields. However, it is a prediction rather than a confirmed timeline for how AI development will unfold.